Arabic grammar (Nahw) is known for its precision, logical structure, and complex rules governing word relationships. One of the most important aspects of this, often utilized in both classical texts and modern standard Arabic, is the concept of (Numerical Structure/Combination) or simply Adad wa Ma’dud (Number and Counted).
A: Memorizing compositions up to 10 is essential. For 11–20, focus on compositions involving 10 (e.g., 15 is 10 and 5, 15 is 9 and 6, etc.). But the true power is applying the 1–10 bonds to larger numbers.
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: It is used to analyze lexico-grammatical variations in the Quran, where numbers are often used with specific rhetorical emphasis. Syntactic Analysis (Tarkeeb)
Example (12) : اِثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا ( Ithna 'ashara rajulan — Twelve men) : Both parts are feminine. tarkib adadi
A defining characteristic of these compounds is their fixed ending, known as being Mabni 'ala al-fath Both parts of the compound must end with a
These are not compound numbers. They use a possessive construction ( Idafah ) where the number acts as the first term ( mudaf ) and the counted noun acts as a plural genitive second term ( mudaf ilayh ). For example: ثَلَاثَةُ رِجَالٍ ( Thalāthatu rijālin - Three of men).
A: Tarkib (composition) is combining parts to make a whole. Tahlil (decomposition) is breaking a whole into parts. They are two sides of the same coin.
This category includes numbers between 1 and 99 that combine a unit digit (1–9) with a tens number (20–90) using the conjunction 'wa' (و). The rules of each part apply individually: the unit part follows the gender rules of simple numbers, while the tens part is invariable. * Example: خَمْسَةٌ وَثَلاثُونَ رَجُلاً ( khamsatun wa thalāthūna rajulan ) - 'thirty-five men'. Arabic grammar (Nahw) is known for its precision,
Kitabun wahidun (كِتَابٌ وَاحِدٌ) – One book. Both are masculine and nominative. Numbers 3 to 10
The number 15 in Arabic is Khamsata 'Ashara (خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ). Structurally, this represents a fusion of Khamsah (five) and 'Asharah (ten), implying "five and ten". Grammatical Parsing (I'rab) of Tarkib Adadi
The ma’dud is singular (mufrad) and genitive (majrur).
Understanding Tarkib Adadi is crucial for accurate numerical expression in both written and spoken Arabic. For 11–20, focus on compositions involving 10 (e
Move from objects to drawings and diagrams. The is the classic visual for tarkib adadi .
In modern Arabic media and communication, Tarkib Adadi is frequently employed, especially when dealing with financial reports, statistics, and dates. Understanding these rules ensures that news Arabic is interpreted accurately. Summary Checklist for Tarkib Adadi Number Range Gender Relation Ma'dud Form Singular + Adjective 3-10 Plural, Majrur 11-12 Same (both parts) Singular, Mansub 13-19 Ones (Opp), Tens (Same) Singular, Mansub 20-90 Singular, Mansub 100, 1000 Singular, Majrur
Numbers 1 ( Wahid ) and 2 ( Ithnan ) do not form a traditional compound. Instead, they act as descriptive adjectives ( Na'at ) that follow the item being counted.